The Solar On-Grid System consists of the solar system connected to a utility grid (usually the public electricity grid) that powers the system without battery backup. The system only works when there is grid supply. Hence the name Grid-connected PV system.The system is customized to use small battery bank as a buffer to provide robustness and deliver quality power to the customer.
A solar system generates electricity using solar power utilizing solar panels. The power generated is Direct Current(DC) and needs to be converted to Alternating Current(AC) for external appliances to use. So the system is connected to one or more inverters to convert DC to AC. The inverters also help to regulate the current generated.
The system consists of AC and DC disconnects. They are used to switch the current flowing between the components. It helps to maintain and protect against electric fires. The solar meter measures the power generated in the system.
This system enables the user to avail Net Metering. In case of extra power generated by the Solar PV System, the power is sent back to the grid. The user can then avail credit for the surplus power supplied by the power distribution companies. A Bi-directional meter is employed which measures both the inflow & outflow of power.
The solar off grid system provides electricity from the solar panels independent of the grid network(public electricity)
The System Constitutes:
1) Solar Panels – PV panels that are roof mounted or placed on the terrace area to capture sunlight.
2) Solar Inverter – converts Direct current generated from solar panels into AC(Alternating Current)
3) Switchboard – Alternating Current(AC) generated from solar inverter goes through the switchboard to power home or to send surplus current back to the battery.
4) Battery – stores the current generated from the solar panels or any surplus of electricity indoors.
5) Battery Inverter – It’s 2 way – takes surplus electricity from the main switchboard and converts it into DC electricity to be stored in batteries or convert stored DC electricity from the batteries into AC electricity to power the house.
Before the design is started the energy load profile is sketched out by taking a look at the electric load of the major applianced used. Energy efficiency can be brought about by choosing the right appliances and efficient home design.
Solar Hybrid System is an On-grid system with a battery connected to store Power. It combines Solar Modules, AC utility, and battery power source to supply continuous power.
This is suitable in case of situations where a user is using On-grid systems but facing a lot power cuts during night times. Using a Hybrid Solar PV system comes in handy during these times since there is battery backup to provide power in case of power cuts.
The usual design of a Hybrid Solar PV system is as follows:
Power generated from the Solar Panels is supplied to the load and in case of surplus power, it is stored in batteries. After the batteries are fully charged any excess power is supplied to the Grid.
Similarly in case of power needed by the load and there is no solar power, if there is grid availability then power is supplied from the grid. In case of no grid power then power is taken from the charged batteries.
The main feature of the Inverter being its ability to feedback the excess generated power to the utility grid in case of no usage. This is not possible from a standard Off-Grid system.
Before the design is started the energy load profile is sketched out by taking a look at the electric load of the major appliances used. Energy efficiency can be brought about by choosing the right appliances and efficient home design.
This system boasts of providing rooftop solar solutions with advantages of a Grid-tied and Off-grid system. Battery backup can be used to store power.